
大家好!我是故宫旅游业的颜剑大家可以叫我小颜导游,我今天要和大家一起去北京有名的景点:故宫。我们今天要去的地方有:太和殿、中和殿、保和殿。
Everybodyisgood!IamForbiddenCitytourismYanJianyoucancallmexiaoyantourguide,IwanttogowithyoutodayBeijingfamousscenicspots:theForbiddenCity.Wewenttheretoday:taihepalace,zhonghepalaceandBaohePalace.
我先主要介绍一下故宫:北京故宫,是世界上规模最大、保存最完好的古代皇宫建筑群,是中国古代建筑最高水平的体现。北京故宫,始建于明朝永乐四年(1406),建成于永乐十八年(1420),是明清两朝的皇宫,其时称紫禁城,1925年始称故宫。从1421年明成祖迁都北京,到1911年辛亥革命推翻清政府,将末代皇帝溥仪赶出故宫,结束中国历史上封建王朝的统治,故宫一直是中国统治阶级的政治和文化中心,先后经历了24位皇帝。
Imainlyintroducethepalacefirst:Beijing'sForbiddenCity,isoneoftheworld'slargestandbestpreservedancientpalacecomplex,isthehighestlevelofancientChinesearchitecture.Beijingtheimperialpalace,theMingdynastyyonglefouryears(1406),wasbuiltintheeighteenthyear(1420),istheimperialpalaceduringtheMingandqingdynasties,thetimelyaccordingtotheForbiddenCity,beginningin1925,accordingtotheForbiddenCity.Ancestorcheng,Beijingfrom1421to1911revolutiontooverthrowtheqinggovernment,thelastemperorpuyioutofthepalace,toendtheruleoffeudaldynastyinChinesehistory,thepalacehasbeentherulingclassofthepoliticalandculturalcenterofChina,hasexperiencedthe24emperors.
故宫占地面积72万平方米,建筑面积15万平方米,现有建筑980余座,有屋8700余间,故宫四周绕以10米高的城墙,外有50多米宽的护城河。明清故宫建于北京城的中央,以南北为中轴线,座北朝南,充分体现了皇权至上的封建统治思想,故宫城外是皇城,皇城外又有北京城,城城包围,显示了森严的等级制度。
ThePalaceMuseumcoversanareaof720000squaremeters,constructionareaof150000squaremeters,theexistingbuildingsofmorethan980,havehousemorethan8700,aroundtheForbiddenCityaround10metershighwalls,andtherearemorethan50meterswidemoat.ThemiddleoftheMingandqingdynastiesimperialpalacewasbuiltinthecity,tothenorthandthesouthcentralaxis,facessouth,whichfullyreflectthesupremeimperialpowerofthefeudalrule,outsidetheForbiddenCityisemperorcity,outsidetheimperialcityandBeijingcity,thecitysurroundedbycity,showstheguardedhierarchy.
历史上,故宫因火灾和其它原因曾多次重建,但基本格局没有改变,整个皇宫建筑分为南部前朝和北部后廷两部分。前朝有太和、中和、保和三大殿,这三大殿是故宫中最高大的建筑物,也是皇帝举行重大典礼的地方,是封建皇权的象征。后廷以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫为中心,左右东西六宫为翼,是皇帝、皇后、嫔、妃居住的地方。前朝后廷,界限分明,不可随便逾越,体现了中国古代传统的等级分明,内外有别的伦理观念。中国的建筑匠师们将如此大规模的建筑规划得井井有条,利用重重得墙门和庭院把故宫有序地组合成壮丽的建筑群。
Inhistory,theForbiddenCityhasrepeatedlyreconstructionforfireandotherreasons,butthebasicpatternhasnotchanged,theentirepalaceafterthebuildingisdividedintonorthandsouthpoweratthetwoparts.Powerwithtaihe,neutralization,andthreemainhalls,arethethreemainhallsintheForbiddenCity'stallestbuilding,itistheplacewheretheemperorheldamajorceremony,isthesymbolofthefeudalimperialpower.Backtothepalaceofheavenlypurity,taitemple,palaceofearthlytranquilityofdeliveryasthecenter,aroundsomethingnaturaltowing,istheemperor,empress,wives,princesslived.Powerafterthekatyn,clear-cut,cannotoverstepcasually,embodiestheancientChinesetraditionalhierarchical,bothinsideandoutsidehaveotherethics.CraftsmanwillsuchalargescaleofChinesearchitectureplanninginordertouseheavydoorsandcourtyardtotheimperialpalaceandorderlycombinationintothemagnificentbuildings.
明清故宫的规划和建筑,不仅继承了中国古代建筑的传统,而且有所发展创新,是中国古代文化和中国古代建筑艺术成就的集大成者。其室内外建筑空间的组合、建筑体量大小的搭配、材料的运用、小品的陈设、装饰的制作、色彩的选择都达到了很高的水平,产生了激动人心的艺术效果。
TheForbiddenCityplanningandconstructionoftheMingandqingdynasty,notonlyinheritedthetraditionofancientChinesearchitecture,thedevelopmentandinnovation,istheancientChinesecultureandtheachievementsoftheancientChinesearchitecturalart.Itsindoorandoutdoorarchitecturalspacecombination,thecollocationofcubicconstructionsize,theuseofmaterials,thesketchofthedisplay,decoration,thechoiceofthecolorarereachedthehighlevel,theexcitingarteffect.